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What are the product characteristics and process of an anaerobic tower?
Release time:
2022-12-30 14:45
An anaerobic tower is an internal circulation anaerobic reactor used to treat organic wastewater. Organic wastewater circulates within the anaerobic tower. Anaerobic microorganisms are introduced into the anaerobic tower. The anaerobic microorganisms degrade the organic matter in the organic wastewater into biogas and inorganic matter, thus achieving the standard discharge of wastewater. The product features and process are described below:
I. Product Features
1. The anaerobic tower has a compact structure, integrating an anaerobic filter (AF) and an upward anaerobic sludge reactor for sedimentation.
2. The main feature of the anaerobic tower is that granular sludge can be formed within the reactor, so the average sludge concentration in the reactor is 30～40g/L, and the bottom sludge concentration is 60～80g/L.
3. The anaerobic tower has a high volumetric loading rate, generally 10～30. In addition, the hydraulic retention time is short, and most anaerobic digestion occurs at mesophilic temperatures, sometimes even at room temperature.
4. The reactor is equipped with a three-phase separator. The sludge separated from the sedimentation zone can be automatically returned to the reaction zone, and a reflux device is added. Self-produced biogas and influent flow are mixed, eliminating the need for mixing equipment. This simplifies the process steps, reduces system process equipment, and makes maintenance and operation relatively simple.
5. A biocarrier zone is set up in the anaerobic tower, which is a method of anaerobic digestion with both suspended growth and attached growth. Compared with the anaerobic filter, the anaerobic composite bed reactor reduces the height of the packing layer and the possibility of filter clogging. Compared with the UASB method, the packing layer serves as a carrier for anaerobic microorganisms, preventing the fragmentation of suspended anaerobic activated sludge in the water flow, maintaining a high microbial load in the anaerobic reactor, and ensuring effluent water quality.
II. Anaerobic Tower Process
1. Influent and Mixed Water Distribution System
Wastewater enters the reactor through an arching pump and is effectively mixed with the recycled water from the upper part of the anaerobic tower to dilute and homogenize the incoming liquid, improving the system's shock resistance.
2. Fluidized Bed Reactor Chamber
After passing through the distributor, the mixture of wastewater and granular sludge is quickly introduced into the fluidized bed chamber by the combined action of influent and recycled water. There is strong and effective contact between the wastewater and sludge, resulting in a high mass transfer rate of pollutants to the biomass. In the fluidized bed reactor, most of the biodegradable pollutants in the wastewater are converted into biogas. The biogas is collected by a three-phase separator and introduced into the gas lift pipe. Part of the sludge-water mixture is sent to the gas-liquid separator at the top of the anaerobic tower through the lift pipe, and the separated gas is drawn out of the reactor.
3. Internal Circulation System
In the lift pipe, the gas lift principle causes the mixture of gas, water, and sludge to rise rapidly. After the gas is separated from the top of the reactor, the remaining sludge and water mixture flows down into the bottom of the reactor through a concentric pipe, thus forming a circulating flow in the reactor. The gas lift power comes from the large difference in gas content when the sludge-water mixture rises and returns. Therefore, the internal circulation of the sludge-water mixture does not require any external power source. The flow rate of the circulation flow increases with the increase of COD content in the feed liquid. Therefore, the anaerobic tower has a self-regulating function, that is, under high-load conditions, more gas will be produced, and more circulating water will be produced, resulting in a higher dilution rate of the influent. This is of great significance for stable operation.
Anaerobic tower
Practical application of IC tower in food processing wastewater treatment
Wastewater from the food processing industry contains a large amount of organic matter, suspended solids, and oils. Traditional treatment methods often face problems such as high energy consumption and long processing cycles. The IC tower (internal circulation anaerobic reactor), with its unique internal circulation structure and three-phase separation system, demonstrates technical adaptability in treating high-concentration organic wastewater. The core advantage of the IC tower lies in its internal circulation mechanism. Through the fluid movement of the internal rising and falling pipes, it achieves thorough mixing of sludge and wastewater, improving biodegradation efficiency. In food wastewater treatment, the IC tower can adapt to influent conditions with a wide range of COD concentrations, especially suitable for the dairy, meat processing, and brewing industries. Practice has shown that when treating oily wastewater, the IC tower can stably achieve a COD removal rate that meets emission standards by reasonably controlling the hydraulic retention time and organic load. In an actual engineering case, a large seasoning production enterprise used the IC tower as a pretreatment unit. The influent COD concentration ranged from 8000-12000mg/L, and after treatment by the IC tower, it was reduced to below 1500mg/L, significantly reducing the burden on the subsequent aerobic treatment unit. The operating data shows that the biogas yield of the IC tower is stable and can be used for energy recovery, further reducing treatment costs.
The effectiveness of IC tower in treating high-concentration organic wastewater
The IC tower (internal circulation anaerobic reactor) is an important piece of equipment in modern wastewater treatment, demonstrating significant technical characteristics in treating high-concentration organic wastewater. Its unique internal circulation system enhances the contact efficiency between sludge and wastewater, making the organic matter degradation process more thorough and showing clear adaptability in treating industrial wastewater with a COD concentration exceeding 3000 mg/L. The treatment effect of this technology is mainly reflected in two dimensions: organic matter removal rate and biogas production. Actual operating data shows that in wastewater treatment for industries such as brewing and food processing, the IC tower usually maintains a high COD removal rate. The granular sludge formed inside the reactor has good settling performance, ensuring the stability of system operation. When the temperature is controlled around 35℃, the microbial activity reaches an optimal state, and the treatment effect is relatively ideal. In the process of treating high-concentration organic wastewater, the volumetric loading capacity of the IC tower is a key indicator that distinguishes it from traditional anaerobic processes. Due to its multi-stage reaction zone design and internal circulation flow pattern, the equipment can withstand high organic load shocks. Pharmaceutical wastewater treatment cases show that the system can still maintain stable operation when the influent COD fluctuates between 5000-8000 mg/L.
In the back-end process of semiconductor manufacturing, the IC handler (integrated circuit testing and sorting equipment) plays a core role in verifying chip functions and screening for quality. Its working principle is to use a precision robotic arm to send wafers or packaged chips to the testing station, and use the probe card and tester to complete the electrical parameter measurement. Then, according to the test results, it automatically sorts out qualified products and defective products. This integrated "test-judgment-sorting" process makes it a decisive link in the quality control before the chip leaves the factory. From a technical perspective, the gatekeeping role of the IC handler is reflected in three dimensions: First, the contact testing scheme can simulate the actual working state of the chip and detect physical defects such as open circuits, short circuits, and leakage; second, the multi-station parallel testing architecture achieves the screening capacity of thousands of chips per unit time, matching the production capacity needs of the packaging and testing factory; more importantly, its test data is directly related to the yield statistics of the chip, providing key evidence for process improvement. Current mainstream equipment supports environmental temperature testing from -40℃ to 150℃, covering the reliability verification needs of different application scenarios such as consumer electronics and automotive electronics. In industrial practice, the testing standards of IC handlers are often more stringent than the terminal application conditions. Taking the case of a major packaging and testing factory as an example
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